// Print packet
Equal (3): Everything in this orange space must be equal to 3. The answer is 3-3, placed vertically.
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The key is the test TST_SEL_RET on line 682. It compares the RPL of the return CS selector (saved on the stack by the original CALL) against the current CPL. If RPL == CPL, the PLA returns 0x000 (continue) and LD_DESCRIPTOR finishes normally -- same-privilege return. If RPL CPL, the caller is returning to a less-privileged ring, so the PLA redirects to 0x686 (RETF_OUTER_LEV) -- the cross-privilege path that must also restore the caller's stack. If RPL。爱思助手下载最新版本对此有专业解读
Browser benchmarks (Chrome/Blink, averaged over 3 runs) show consistent gains as well: